Chronic back pain can be physically and emotionally exhausting. When medications, physiotherapy, and lifestyle changes don’t provide lasting relief, many people begin to consider surgery. While back surgery may seem like a permanent fix, it’s important to understand the potential risks that come with going under the knife.
Let’s explore five key risks associated with spinal surgery so you can make an informed decision about your treatment options.
1. Infection: A Common Post-Surgical Complication
One of the most common risks after back surgery is infection. Because spinal surgery involves incisions and the possibility of opening up deeper tissues, there’s always a chance that bacteria could enter the body. Surface-level infections might be manageable with antibiotics, but deeper infections, particularly around the spine or surgical hardware, can be much more serious. These may require extended hospital stays, intravenous antibiotics, or in severe cases, another surgery to clean the area.
Older adults, people with diabetes, or those with weakened immune systems may be more vulnerable. Maintaining surgical hygiene and closely following post-op care instructions can reduce risk, but not eliminate it entirely.
2. Nerve Damage: A Serious and Sometimes Permanent Risk
The spine houses the central nervous system, which controls movement and sensation throughout the body. Any surgery near this delicate area brings the risk of nerve damage. Whether it’s due to surgical error, inflammation, or complications during healing, damaged nerves can result in:
- Numbness or tingling in limbs
- Muscle weakness
- Loss of bowel or bladder control (in rare but severe cases)
In some cases, these symptoms may be temporary and improve with rehabilitation. In others, nerve damage can become permanent, affecting your quality of life. Even with the most skilled surgeons, the risk cannot be entirely ruled out.
3. Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS)
Imagine undergoing a painful and expensive spinal surgery, only to find that your pain hasn’t improved, or worse, that it has intensified. This unfortunate outcome is known as Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS). It’s a condition in which a patient continues to experience chronic back or leg pain even after one or more surgical procedures.
FBSS can occur for several reasons:
- The original source of the pain wasn’t properly diagnosed
- Scar tissue formed around nerves
- A new problem developed after surgery
Treatment for FBSS often involves long-term pain management, rehabilitation, or even repeat surgeries, making it a frustrating and disheartening experience for patients who were hoping for a cure.
4. Scar Tissue Formation: A Hidden Cause of Post-Surgery Pain
Whenever the body heals from surgery, it produces scar tissue. While this is a natural process, excessive internal scar tissue can press against nearby nerves or restrict movement. In spinal surgeries, this can become a major issue.
Symptoms may include:
- Recurring pain
- Tightness or stiffness in the back
- Pain radiating down the legs (sciatica-like symptoms)
In some cases, patients may need additional therapies such as physiotherapy or nerve treatments to deal with the effects of scar tissue. Unfortunately, this adds to the recovery time and complexity.
5. Long Recovery Time and Reduced Mobility
Back surgery is not a quick fix. In most cases, recovery takes weeks or even months, and patients must significantly alter their routines during this time.
You may need to:
- Limit physical activity.
- Wear supportive braces.
- Take time off work.
- Avoid bending or lifting for extended periods.
During recovery, some patients may also develop secondary problems, such as muscle weakness or joint stiffness, due to inactivity. Physical therapy can help regain strength, but this adds another layer of commitment and effort post-surgery.
Why You Should Consider Non-Surgical Alternatives First
Given the above risks, it’s clear that back surgery should not be the first line of treatment for chronic pain. Thankfully, non-surgical alternatives are available and in many cases, highly effective.
Here are some of the most trusted non-invasive options:
Non-Surgical Spinal Decompression Treatment
This US-based, FDA-cleared treatment gently stretches the spine, relieving pressure on discs and nerves. It’s particularly effective for herniated discs, sciatica, and degenerative disc issues.
Physiotherapy
Targeted exercises and stretches can strengthen muscles, improve posture, and reduce nerve pressure. Physiotherapists also use manual therapy and modalities like ultrasound or TENS for pain relief.
Lifestyle Modifications
Simple changes like using ergonomic furniture, maintaining a healthy weight, and adopting better posture habits can reduce spinal strain and prevent flare-ups.
Pain Management
Non-invasive options like heat therapy, massage, and acupuncture can help manage chronic pain without drugs or surgery.
About ANSSI:
ANSSI Wellness focuses on improving the quality of life for patients suffering from spinal issues, aiming to provide relief where other conventional treatments have failed. Through advanced non-surgical spinal decompression treatment, ANSSI is committed to helping patients avoid surgery and recover in a safe, effective, and compassionate environment.
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